Resting in Peace

Dear readers,

Humblest apologies for the lack of correspondence these months. Tis not a lack of material worthy of comment, but your world weary scribe finding sufficient moment to create entries to this archive worthy of yr attention. To be fair to all, the truth is that not for the foreseeable future will new materials be added. This place shall certainly be revisited in time, and any comments or questions left by your good selves shall certainly receive attention. Meantimes I hope you may find some small diversion from those pieces currently recorded and look forward to serving you with renewed vigour in the future.

Yours &c

Mtq

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Martha Gunn and the Kings Evil

Martha Gunn was the most celebrated bather of Brighton, and remains one of the most celebrated occupants of the ancient ground.  The bathing business and Madam Gunn’s particular position as ‘Queen of the Dippers’ is well covered elsewhere (here, here and here  rehearse most relevant particulars) but very little commentary concerns her one publication, titled ‘Martha Gunn  Recipe Book’ and available for perusal at Brighton Local History Centre.

Handwritten by Madam Gunn it is densely packed with recipes for all occasions, as well as herbal remedies and other domestic advice. Here extracted are some examples:

To Make Flumery:  To a quart of fine ground oatmeal put three quarts of water which you must pour of once, in twelve hours for three times. You must pour it on very clear and the third time you must straine it and boyle it quick till tis thick enough. Take it of & put it into dishes. Every time you put fresh water to it  you must stir it up.

To make Carraway Cake : Take a pound of flower well dryed & a pound of duble refined sugar finely beaten. In sift yr flower & sugar together and take a pound of butter wash it in rose water & work it in your hands till tis very soft. mix half yr flower & sugar with yr butter take nine eggs but five of yr whites. Beat them with two spoonfuls of sack then straine yr eggs into yr butter & flower & sugar & stir in the rest of flower and sugar by degrees & two or three handfuls of carroway seeds bake it in a (?) with duble paper under it in oven. Must be quick an hour & quarter will bake. Butter yr (?) and ice yr cake if you wish.

An Electuary for a Cough: Take four ounces of brown sugar candy and four ounces of raisins stoned and two ounces of conserve of roses 12 drops of oyle of sulphur & six drops of oyle of vitriol pound all these together in a mortor till it is fine then take a little of it as often as you please

To stay bleeding at yr nose : Dip a linnin cloth in ye juice of nettles & aquavite then put it up yr nostrils and lay a poltis of bruised ash leaves to temples

For yr Kings Evil : Take coltsfoot & make a strong decoction of it till yr liquor is glutinous & sweetish of which you may drink as much as you can every day of what time you please. This in four months time did a gentlewoman abundance of good, for she had 12 sores upon her & in four months they were most of them dryed up & in a little time more she was perfectly cured.

To evidence the efficacy af Madam Gunn’s diet and remedy we may look to the service it offered the good lady herself. Enduring a lifetime of hard work, she survived to age 88, and – if her portrait is to be believed – enjoyed a robust and resilient constitution. The monument remembering Martha Gunn is at St Nicholas Churchyard, close by the southern point of the edifice.

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A & AH Wilds and the Ups and Downs of Life

Amon Wilds arrived at Brighton from Lewes in 1815. With his son Amon Henry and partner Charles Busby he established a ‘builder/architects practice which significantly shaped Brighton and Hove at a time of unprecedented growth. The collected works of A & H Wilds and Busby include four squares, four crescents, nine terraces, six streets, five churches and a large number of individual private houses.

 

Examples include:

  •  Holy Trinity Church, Ship Street.
  • The Temple in Montpelier Road
  • The Kemptown and Brunswick Estates
  • Landscape design for the Level and St Nicholas Garden of Rest
  • Hanover Crescent and Montpelier Crescent
  • The Royal Albion Hotel,
  • Sillwood House
  • The Unitarian Church in New Road
  • The Victoria Fountain in the Old Steine.
  • Houses in Park Crescent, Sillwood Place, Waterloo Place and Cavendish Place.

Wilds senior died aged 71 and is remembered by a handsome tomb in the churchyard designed by his son Amon Henry. It is easily found because of the prominent shell motif – the ammonite – which became a trademark of the Wilds practice and can be found on many of the buildings they created.  He was survived by his second wife Ann who later married Thomas Hunter. Both Ann, and Sarah his first wife, are buried with him in the churchyard. The inscription reads:

Sacred to the memory of Mr AMON WILDS. Died September 12th 1833 aged 71 years. A remarkable incident accompanies the period in which this gentleman came to settle in Brighton. Through his abilities and taste the order of the ancient architecture of buildings in Brighton may be dated to have changed from its antiquated simplicity and rusticity and its improvements have since progressively increased. He was a man of extensive genius and talent and in his reputation for uprightness of conduct could only meet its parallel. Sacred to the memory of Mrs SARAH wife of MR AMON WILDS who departed this life February 3rd 1822 aged 37 years. ANN HUNTER relict of  AMON WILDS,  wife of THOMAS HUNTER died May 19th 1867 aged 80 years 

Following the death of his father,  Amon Henry continued his practice in Brighton. Aside from his many architectural and landscape achievements, he served as a Town Commissioner and also invented a device for cleaning horizontal chimneys, replacing the boys who typically worked at this task. By around 1850 Amon Henry Wilds had left Brighton for Shoreham where he spent the rest of his days in a small cottage which he built overlooking the river Adur.

Amon Henry Wilds had one daughter – Sarah Ann – who married Captain Edward Sellon in 1844.  The story of Captain Sellon reads as copybook Victorian rake and roué; in 1836 he was arrested for “scandalous and infamous behaviour, unbecoming the character of an officer and a gentleman” which involved insulting and assaulting senior officers. He was   discharged from military service and is subsequently believed to have found employ as; a wine merchant, a fencing instructor and a stagecoach driver before settling into the career of writer and illustrator of erotica and anthropological texts, which remain in print to the present day

He married Sarah Ann Wilds in 1844, but finding her not as wealthy as he had been led to believe he left her to live in London. Sarah Ann eventually joined him but by this time Sellon had established one mistress and had seduced a teenage parlour maid. Sarah Ann left him once more and so began a pattern of reconciliation marred by evidence of his numerous affairs which was to continue for the remainder of their lives.

The couple had four children – their first, Guillemina, did not reach her first year, and was buried in the Rest Garden although the location of her grave is not now known. Their remaining children survived and thrived, with William becoming a Landscape Artist; Ernest a Lecturer in Botany and Marmaduke a Roman Catholic priest.

Sarah Ann Sellon died on 15 April 1866 in New Shoreham, aged 48. Her death certificate gave the cause of death as “vomiting a week, convulsions 3 days, coma 12 hours”.  Edward died two days after Sarah Ann on the 17 April 1866. Cause of death: “Pistol shot in the side, suicide when insane, found dead”.

Much of the information provided above has been drawn from the work of Brighton Historian Lavender Jones who carried out detailed research on the life of AH Wilds and the Sellons. Considering the unhappy fate of Sarah Ann and Edward Sellon she speculates on the role which Sellon may have taken:

“But what of Sarah Ann? Could her death have been caused by poison? The symptoms seem to indicate this was a possibility. Was Sellon so distraught by her death or so consumed with guilt for his actions that he shot himself, whilst his mind was disturbed?”

Descendents of Sellon admit this as a possibility, but – as with many tales which surround the ancient ground – the passage of time has removed the likelihood of certainty either way.

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Hanover Chapel Vault: Enough to Wake the Dead

Alike to similar spaces, those remembered at Hanover Chapel grounds have seen disruption – in 1845 a part of the burial ground was paved to be come Queens Road and in 1949 the headstones and monumental pieces were moved to the perimeter walls. But events at the close of the 1970′s – if the dead could indeed be waked – may have tempted a few to set abroad in search of a quieter rest.

The Hall was used as a community resource centre and the basement – known as The Vault – a rehearsal and performance space. As the venue became busier, more parts of the basement were explored and put into use, including the labyrinth of Victorian Crypts and underground tombs which spread beneath the Churchyard.

Punk Poet Attila the Stockbroker was involved. At the Punk History of Brighton website, he comments:

“There was a developing problem. Before the punks had been let loose there, walls had been constructed in front of the actual burial chambers: the vibrations from rehearsals and gigs, plus general vandalism, caused breaches in them, and pretty soon skulls, bones and bits of coffin started turning up….Eventually, with skeletons quite literally coming out of the closet all the time, as it were, things got too much: the local council took action and the Vault’s doors closed for good.”

A fire destroyed the Resource Centre in 1980 and a roof collapse in 1981 led to a full excavation of the underground Crypts. Some 500 coffins were discovered and these were disinterred and reburied at the Lawns Cemetery in Woodingdean.

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The Lady Eldona At Her Tower

Graveyard Hauntings : The Lady Eldona at her Tower

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A Life Too Full To Fit – Sake Dean Mahomet

Sake Dene Mahomet is remembered by a monment in the enclosed area at the rear of the church. He was the first Indian to write and publish a book in English, opened the first indian restaurant in London and invented the term ‘shampoo’. He also enjoyed the wonderful and unique job title of ‘Shampooing Surgeon to the King’.

When Dean Mahomet’s was eleven, his father was killed in the service of the British army. Young Mahomet  was ‘adopted’ by an English Officer – Captain Baker – who sponsored his entry into the Forces.

Mahomet took service in the Bengal Army 3rd European regiment rising to the post of subedar (lieutenant) until 1782, when Captain Baker decided to return to his native Ireland and invited Mahomet to accompany him. They arrived at Cork in 1784.

With the continued support of Baker, Mahomet commenced formal study of English Language and Literature and in 1786 he eloped with fellow student Jane Daly.  The couple were shortly married. They continued to live at Cork and in 1793 ‘The Travels of Dean Mahomet’ was published – the first book to be written and published in the english language by an Indian.

In 1807 the Mahomet’s abandoned Cork for  London, and in 1809 started the ‘Hindostanee Coffee House’  in Portman Square. The first Indian restaurant in England, it was not a financial success and Mahomet petitioned for bankruptcy in 1812.   Moving to Brighton – then as now a welcome home for alternative thinkers,  he reinvented himself as a purveyor of mystical and exotic remedies and cosmetics; Indian tooth powder and hair dye.

He soon moved into a more promising line and at the peak of Brighton’s fame for water related therapies, he adapted the practice using a steam bath with Indian oils and called it ‘shampooing’ (from Champo – the Hindi word for ‘head massage) – coining a term still in common use today.

By 1815 Mahomed had opened his own Battery House Baths, at the foot of the Steyne and in 1820 published a book of testimonials: Cases cured by Sake Deen Mahomed, shampooing surgeon, and inventor of the Indian medicated vapour and sea-water bath.  In it he claimed to be able to cure a range of ills including rheumatism, asthma, and gout.  In 1820, he built the magnificent Mahomet’s Baths on King’s Road, overlooking the sea. His professional and social prominence received recognition through appointment by royal warrant as shampooing surgeon to George IV and William IV.

According to his headstone and his later published works, Mahomet was born in 1749 and died at the grand age of 101. However his autobiographical and first published ‘travels’ gives his birth date a decade later at 1759.

A keen self publicist Mahomet made a number of ‘edits’ to his life story. In his later works on ‘shampooing’ he claimed previously unmentioned medical training in India, and it may be that he also awarded himself an extra decade to accommodate this revision… Whatever the truth of it, his achievements during his life mark him out as one of our more extraordinary and notable deceased, whose story opens up a whole and distinct perspective on life in Brighton, Ireland and England at that time.

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Coded Mortiquaria

Those who plan to visit the ancient St Nicholas Ground in the month of September may wonder at the odd motifs which adorn divers monuments and inscripted pieces.

It is not unknown for strange symbols to appear in this place of the dead; but equally not common.

Calling themselves ‘QR Codes’ , these icons give Quick Response to enquiries made of the Internet; alike to the advantage of a Hackney Carriage over a Stagecoach, they will take the seeker more swiftly and directly to their destination.

                                                                                                                     

On encountering a ribboned code within the ancient ground, the visitor is invited to scan the code image using their smartphone . Providing said device is enabled with a code reading ‘app’ they will be taken as fast as their device allows to pages on this site dedicated to the remembered individual, monumental piece or other featured intelligence.  

It is hoped that this novel and most modern tool for examining our funerary heritage will be of use to some, and - if warranted – this approach will be extended and further developed.

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